专家解题：2013年职称英语考试理工类C级概括大意

考题类型：概括大意与完成句子
　　Ecosystem
　　1    The word "ecosystem" is short for ecological (生态的) system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms (生物) such as plants, animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes, we are all members of an ecosystem!
　　2    There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest. Some are man-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation (兴居) between living and non-living things in a monitored environment, such as a zoo or garden.
　　3    Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem, and that's because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and its fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms (微生物) and even humans, of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function, and this happens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
　　4    Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things. We depend on plants and animals for food. In order for us to exist, we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plants, animals and humans are all of various species (物种), we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
　　5    To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy, which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat (栖息地) of plants and animals, and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to continue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement (搬迁): imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse, overpopulation can also ruin the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.
27. In an ecosystem, plants, animals and humans live together in _________.
　　A. a given area
　　B. the source of food
　　C. various species
　　D. a biological creature
　　E. our share of resources
　　F. the maintenance of the ecosystem
　　专家解析：
　　第一步：本题没有特殊语法结构能帮助解题，所以采取查读法进行解题。首先划出题干中的信息词为： plants, animals and humans，live together。
　　第二步：根据顺序出题原则，将信息词回归原文。本题回归至原文的第一段，即：An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms (生物) such as plants, animals and humans co-exist in this world.
　　第三步：对比原文及题目信息，确定答案。题干说的是在ecosystem里，plants, animals和humans一起生活在（live together）哪里。原文说的是生物（living creatures）在给定的区域里（within a given area）扩张（expand），并且紧接着说了co-exist（共存），所以本题的答案是选项A。
　　28. Plants are essential in an ecosystem because to other living creatures they are _________.
　　A. a given area
　　B. the source of food
　　C. various species
　　D. a biological creature
　　E. our share of resources
　　F. the maintenance of the ecosystem
　　专家解析：
　　第一步：本题没有特殊语法结构能帮助解题，所以采取查读法进行解题。首先划出题干中的信息词为：Plants，essential，because，other living creatures。
　　第二步：将信息词回归原文。本题回归至原文的第三段前半部分，即：Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem, and that's because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and its fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms (微生物) and even humans, of course.
　　第三步：对比原文及题目信息，确定答案。题干说的是Plants对其他生物来（other living creatures）说非常必要（essential）是因为（because）他们什么样。原文出现了对应词because，后面的内容一般就是答案，说的是他们对每个人来说是天然的食物生产者（natural food producers），原文紧接着说他们最终变成（become）了一种食物来源（source of food），也就是选项B的内容，所以本题的答案是选项B。
　　29. Plants, animals and humans are all effective in _________.
　　A. a given area
　　B. the source of food
　　C. various species
　　D. a biological creature
　　E. our share of resources
　　F. the maintenance of the ecosystem
　　专家解析：
　　第一步：本题没有特殊语法结构能帮助解题，所以采取查读法进行解题。首先划出题干中的信息词为：effective。
　　第二步：将信息词回归原文。本题回归至原文的第四段后半部分，即：Since plants, animals and humans are all of various species (物种), we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
　　第三步：对比原文及题目信息，确定答案。题干说的是Plants, animals和humans在……是有用的（effective）。原文说的是因为Plants, animals和humans都包含了各种各位的物种（of various species），所以我们在维护（maintaining）ecosystem都起了作用（play a role），也就是选项F的内容，所以本题的答案是选项F。
　　30. To protect our ecosystems we should not use more than _________.
　　A. a given area
　　B. the source of food
　　C. various species
　　D. a biological creature
　　E. our share of resources
　　F. the maintenance of the ecosystem
　　专家解析：
　　第一步：本题没有特殊语法结构能帮助解题，所以采取查读法进行解题。首先划出题干中的信息词为：protect，not use，more than。
　　第二步：将信息词回归原文。本题回归至原文的第五段第一句，即：To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy, which happens when we consume more than our share of resources.
　　第三步：对比原文及题目信息，确定答案。题干说的是为保护（protect）ecosystem，我们不应该超过使用……。原文说的是为保护（preserve）ecosystem，我们应该停止使用太多的energy，当我们消耗了超过our share of resources。也就是选项E的内容，所以本题的答案是选项E。

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